FUNCTION OF FUNCTION KEYS

In normal usage, we tend to use keyboard to input numbers and alphabets in excel,word,notepad or in other application programs. We tend to use primarily, alphabets and numbers in most of the application.

Function keys are the keys which are present at the topline of the keyboard but have ever questioned their uses.Function keys are also called as F keys or Fn keys.They usually contain a minimum of F1 to F12, however might contain to F16 on some keyboards.The working of each key depends on operating systems.

Here are the basic function of function keys in windows operating system

• F1: If you press F1 while in a program. help for that program will open.

• F2: In Windows, this key is commonly used to rename a highlighted icon or file. You can try Alt + Ctrl + F2 and Ctrl + F2 for some more functions.

• F3: Search feature for several programs as well as Microsoft Windows.

• F4: You'll be able to repeat last action performed whereas typing in Microsoft word. You can close all running programs using Alt + F4 key and Ctrl + F4 press for closing all active windows.

• F5: Used as a refresh key in several net browsers and alternative applications.

• F6: This key is used for moving mouse pointer to writing net address at the address bar.

• F7: Commonly the F7 button is used as a spell checker, however this key are often reassigned.

• F8: It can perform several functions, and does not have an assigned Windows default. However, when starting Windows 2000 or Windows XP, holding the F8 key will boot in Safe Mode.

• F9: Opens the measurement in Quark 5.0 .

• F10: It activates the menu bar in several programs.

• F11: It is a full screen route on most of the programs.

• F12: In MS Word we are able to used this key for saving our document and additionally release developer tools window in most of the browsers.

Conclusion: Using function keys are simple and saves time.

HOW TO TAKE SCREENSHOT IN WINDOWS

Screenshot is used to capture an image of what is there on the screen. Screenshot can be used to send the image of the issues you are experiencing while running an application or devices,use it to share reviews about movies and many more things can be done.
Whatever may be the reason, taking a screen shot is not at all difficult.

Here are a few methods by which you can take screenshot and are very easy

1. Using keyboard: 

• Capturing an image: Open the screen of which you want to take the image. Screenshot can be taken easily by just pressing two keys. For windows 7 and windows XP press ALT+PrntSc button on the keyboard and for windows 8 press WINDOWS KEY+ PrntSc. PrntSc button is located to the upper right corner of  your keyboard. Resulting image will be saved in your library or clipboard.

• Editing:  The image captured by this method is of whole display. Editing can be done by using applications such as paint,picassa,etc. There are large variety of softwares available for editing.

• Save the screenshot: After performing the necessary editing, save the screenshot in a folder or anywhere you want.In the Save As dialog box, in the File name box, type a name for the screen shot, and then click Save.

    2.  Using Snipping Tool:You can capture part or all of your PC screen, add text, save the image, or               email it from the Snipping Tool window.This tool is inbuilt in all windows starting from Vista. The main           feature of this tool is that you can select a particular portion or the whole screen by using various                   snipping selection tools.

• Open the snipping tool: For windows Vista, click on the start button and in an search dialog box type snipping tool and click on it.For windows 8, move your mouse or trackpad pointer to the lower right edge corner of the screen and than tap or click on the Search. A Search box will appear ,type Snipping  tool and than tap or click on Snipping tool.
  
  
  
• Capture a snip: In the snipping tool, select the snip from the arrow near to new button.Different types of snips are available for different types of use. Choose the snip you want and then select the area you want to capture. 

• Save the snip:After taking the snip click on the File and go to Save Snip. A Save snip dialog box appears, in this type the name you want to give your snip and tan click on the save button.  

CHECK YOUR INTERNET SPEED

Checking your internet speed is helpful and a good idea to do periodically. If you are having a problem downloading or opening web pages, knowing how to check internet speed is handy for troubleshooting. Here are few sites that check your connection speed

Speedtest By Ookla:

For website click here

TestMySpeed: For website click here

Mcafee Speed test:

For test click here

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EARN MONEY FOR UNLOCKING YOUR LOCK SCREEN

We use our mobiles for variety of purposes like playing,sharing,messaging,office use, browsing and so on.
How many times do you check your phone? Twice a day? Once every hour? More often? According to figures collected by a screen lock app, the average user actually checks their phone around 110 times day. 
Have you imagined that you will get paid while using your android phone. Is it possible?

Yes it is possible with the help of app PaisaSwipe.

                                                                

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Paisa Swipe is India’s No.1 Mobile Lock Screen Ad/Content Discovery Network.

You can earn up to 300 rupees per month and lots of cool free prizes just by unlocking your lock screen, which is the easiest money you will ever make.

How it works:

• Swipe left to engage with the ad, claim a coupon, view a movie trailer, listen to a song, and participate in paid research studies.

•  Swipe right to unlock your phone and do what you normally do uninterrupted. Either way you get credit into your account.

• Invite friends and win cool perks and prizes such as movie tickets, expensive electronics, vacational packages,and more!

• Cash out when you've reached the minimum cash out amount and we will release payment directly into your PayPal account and/or you may choose to recharge your mobile through our partners.

Get ready to earn money ,for downloading click here

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HOW TO EDIT FILES THAT NEED ADMINISTRATOR PRIVILEGES

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Sometimes administrator cannot edit files.
Even if you log in as a super user(admin) you are
not allowed to open protected files it will say access denied.
You will think that you are the super user and you cannot
access to the system then who will access it
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

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The fix is simple.For example you want to edit a notepad files that requires administrative privileges just follow  these simple steps.
1. Open your Windows start menu, search for the notepad application and then right click the notepad icon.
2. Choose “Run as administrator” and then, while inside notepad, browse to folder (/windows/system32/drivers/etc) that contains the hosts file.
You can now edit and save that file in the same folder without any issues. The main thing is that instead of directly opening a protected file in the associated application, you run the application first as an administrator and then open the file inside it.


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HOW TO BLOCK WEBSITES OF YOUR CHOICE

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Many times we don't want certain websites to be visited by someone.For example, many of the youths spends a lot of time on social networking sites like Myspace,Twitter, Facebook,Orkut,etc. and parents are always complaining about it.

Parents can block this websites easily and it does not require any programming.It's very simple and easy.

It just require a few steps

• Click on start and select run.
• Type in the run  notepad c:\WINDOWS\system32\drivers\etc\hosts    &  PRESS ENTER

• A notepad file will open which will contain some information about host.Just go to last line and go to new line and type

127.0.0.1 facebook.com
127.0.0.1 myspace.com

• Save file and exit.         

                                                         
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Now none of the above sites will open, you can block a number of sites  with the above procedure. If you want to remove all the blocked  above websites open the notepad file and delete the above lines.
If you any problem in saving the notepad file refer this post: How to edit files as administrator.

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WAYS TO EDIT PDF FILES WITHOUT ADOBE ACROBAT

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PDF was developed in the early 1990s as a way to share documents, including text formatting and inline images and is widely used today.What makes PDF a most popular and important file format in industry? Here are some features of PDF explaining the reasons behind its popularity so that you can make better use of it.

• Multiplatform: PDF files can be created and viewed easily on any platforms like Windows®, Mac OS, and mobile platforms such as Android™, iPad and iPhone.
• Security:Password provides a simple way to restrict access and usage of your PDF content, and digital signature assure your digital identity. 
• Accessible:PDF documents work with assistive technology to help make information accessible to people with disabilities. You can easily read a PDF file with a free PDF reader.
• Compact size:PDF files are generally more compact (smaller in size) than the source document and they preserve the original formatting.

Ways to edit PDF files

The main question is “How do I edit PDF files?” There are two ways of achieving this goal:
•    Editing on a PDF directly
•    Converting a PDF to another format

Here we can see about editing files directly by using following ways.

1.On line PDF editors:

You can easily edit PDF files with PDF Escape, an online PDF editor that’s free and also lets you edit password-protected PDF documents in the browser.

With PDF Escape, you can just place the parts of a PDF file using the whiteout tool or add annotations with the help of custom shapes, arrows, text boxes and sticky notes. You can add hyperlinks to other PDF pages / web documents.

      

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2. Edit Text in a PDF File

If you want to edit large amounts of text in a PDF file but don’t have access to the source documents, your best bet is that you convert the PDF file into an editable Word document or an Excel spreadsheet depending on the contents of the PDF.

Then edit these converted PDFs in Microsoft Office (or Google Docs) and export the modified files back into PDF format.

If your PDF document is mostly text, you may use the desktop version of Stanza to convert that PDF into a Word document but if the document includes images, charts, tables and other complex formatting, try the online PDF to Word converter from BCL Research or the one from NitroPDF — the former offers instant conversion while the latter service can take up to a day though its yields more accurate results.

3. Edit PDF Metadata (Author, PDF Title, etc.)

If you like to edit the meta-data associated* with a PDF document, check out Becy PDFMetaEdit. It’s a free utility that can help you edit details like the PDF document title, author name, creation data, keywords, etc. of any PDF file.

The tool can also be used for encrypting PDF documents such that only users who know the password can read the contents of your PDF files. And since this PDF metadata cum bookmarks editor can be executed from the command line, you can use it to update information in multiple PDF files in a batch.

      

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4. Advanced PDF Editing (Images, text, etc.)

Now that you know the basic tools, let’s look at another set of PDF editors that are again free but can help you do some more advanced editing with PDF documents. This refers to stuff like replacing images on a PDF file, adding signatures, removing blocks of text without breaking the flow of the document, etc.

• PDF XChange is a free PDF viewer cum editor that you may use for typing text directly on any PDF page. PDF XChange also supports image stamps so you may use the tool for signing a PDF file or for inserting images anywhere on a PDF page.
• Then you have Inkscape, a free vector drawing tool (like Adobe Illustrator) that can natively import and export PDF content.
• The next tool in the category of advanced PDF editors is OpenOffice Draw with thePDFImport extension. OpenOffice Draw supports inline editing so you can easily fix typos in a PDF document or make formatting related changes like replacing color, increasing or decreasing the text size, replacing the default font-family, etc.

Like Inkscape, the OpenOffice toolbox also includes support for annotations, shapes, images, tables, charts, etc. but here you have more choices and the software also looks less complex.

Converting a PDF to another format

The best format to work with is Microsoft Word, and its .DOC documents. In order to convert and edit PDF files, you will need a PDF to Word Converter program. Many PDF files are password protected specifically to prevent actions like PDF editing. The PDF editors basically interpret the snapshot, which is the PDF file, and convert it into a text file recognizable by Microsoft Word.

This is achieved by using Optical Character Recognition (OCR) or similar technology. Basically, this technology is able to “read” the file and output the text in a Word document. You can also scan a document and run the OCR software to extract the text directly to a Word file. Although it is fast, it has some drawbacks. To make an almost error free transition between PDF and DOC, you need a very good converter, that can cost lots of money.

But You can easily convert  Pdf files using Zamzar.com

Go to Zamzar.com and click the Browse button next to Step 1 and choose your file. By default, Step 2 will be set to DOC format, but you can choose to convert your PDF to other file types such as TXT, HMTL, RTF, etc. Type in your email address for Step 3 and click Convert.

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DOWNLOAD YOUR FACEBOOK DATA

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• Facebook has now added a download option to download all your data in archieve.The data may have info like your private Wall posts, photos and profile information.
• Download your data:This includes a lot of the same information available to you in your account and activity log, including your timeline info, posts you have shared, messages, photos and more. Additionally, it includes information that is not available simply by logging into your account, like the ads you have clicked on, data like the IP addresses that are logged when you log into or out of Facebook, and more. To download your information, go to your Account Settings and click Download a copy of your Facebook data. 
•                                                        
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What categories of my Facebook data are available to me?

These are the categories of Facebook data that are available to you either in your activity log or your downloaded data, or in both places. We have provided a short explanation of what each data category is and where you can find it. We store different categories of data for different time periods, so you may not find all of your data since you joined Facebook. You will not find information or content that you have deleted because this is deleted from Facebook servers.

Remember, most of your Facebook data is available to you simply by logging into your account (ex: all of your messages and chats are available in your inbox.) Also note that the categories of data that we receive, collect, and save may change over time. When this happens, this list will be updated.

What info is available?	What is it?	Where can I find it?
About Me	Information you added to the About section of your timeline like relationships, work, education, where you live and more. It includes any updates or changes you made in the past and what is currently in the About section of your timeline.	Activity Log Downloaded Info
Account Status History	The dates when your account was reactivated, deactivated, disabled or deleted.	Downloaded Info
Active Sessions	All stored active sessions, including date, time, device, IP address, machine cookie and browser information.	Downloaded Info
Ads Clicked	Dates, times and titles of ads clicked (limited retention period).	Downloaded Info
Address	Your current address or any past addresses you had on your account.	Downloaded Info
Ad Topics	A list of topics that you may be targeted against based on your stated likes, interests and other data you put in your timeline.	Downloaded Info
Alternate Name	Any alternate names you have on your account (ex: a maiden name or a nickname).	Downloaded Info
Apps	All of the apps you have added.	Downloaded Info
Birthday Visibility	How your birthday appears on your timeline.	Downloaded Info
Chat	A history of the conversations you’ve had on Facebook Chat (a complete history is available directly from your messages inbox).	Downloaded Info
Check-ins	The places you’ve checked into.	Activity Log Downloaded Info Activity Log
Connections	The people who have liked your Page or Place, RSVPed to your event, installed your app or checked in to your advertised place within 24 hours of viewing or clicking on an ad or Sponsored Story.	Activity Log
Credit Cards	If you make purchases on Facebook (ex: in apps) and have given Facebook your credit card number.	Account Settings
Currency	Your preferred currency on Facebook. If you use Facebook Payments, this will be used to display prices and charge your credit cards.	Downloaded Info
Current City	The city you added to the About section of your timeline.	Downloaded Info
Date of Birth	The date you added to Birthday in the Aboutsection of your timeline.	Downloaded Info
Deleted Friends	People you’ve removed as friends.	Downloaded Info
Education	Any information you added to Education field in the About section of your timeline.	Downloaded Info
Emails	Email addresses added to your account (even those you may have removed).	Downloaded Info
Events	Events you’ve joined or been invited to.	Activity Log Downloaded Info
Facial Recognition Data	A unique number based on a comparison of the photos you're tagged in. We use this data to help others tag you in photos.	Downloaded Info
Family	Friends you’ve indicated are family members.	Downloaded Info
Favorite Quotes	Information you’ve added to the Favorite Quotes section of the About section of your timeline.	Downloaded Info
Followers	A list of people who follow you.	Downloaded Info
Following	A list of people you follow.	Activity Log
Friend Requests	Pending sent and received friend requests.	Downloaded Info
Friends	A list of your friends.	Downloaded Info
Gender	The gender you added to the About section of your timeline.	Downloaded Info
Groups	A list of groups you belong to on Facebook.	Downloaded Info
Hidden from News Feed	Any friends, apps or pages you’ve hidden from your News Feed.	Downloaded Info
Hometown	The place you added to hometown in the Aboutsection of your timeline.	Downloaded Info
IP Addresses	A list of IP addresses where you’ve logged into your Facebook account (won’t include all historical IP addresses as they are deleted according to a retention schedule).	Downloaded Info
Last Location	The last location associated with an update.	Activity Log
Likes on Others' Posts	Posts, photos or other content you’ve liked.	Activity Log
Likes on Your Posts from others	Likes on your own posts, photos or other content.	Activity Log
Likes on Other Sites	Likes you’ve made on sites off of Facebook.	Activity Log
Linked Accounts	A list of the accounts you've linked to your Facebook account	Account Settings
Locale	The language you've selected to use Facebook in.	Downloaded Info
Logins	IP address, date and time associated with logins to your Facebook account.	Downloaded Info
Logouts	IP address, date and time associated with logouts from your Facebook account.	Downloaded Info
Messages	Messages you’ve sent and received on Facebook. Note, if you've deleted a message it won't be included in your download as it has been deleted from your account.	Downloaded Info
Name	The name on your Facebook account.	Downloaded Info
Name Changes	Any changes you’ve made to the original name you used when you signed up for Facebook.	Downloaded Info
Networks	Networks (affiliations with schools or workplaces) that you belong to on Facebook.	Downloaded Info
Notes	Any notes you’ve written and published to your account.	Activity Log
Notification Settings	A list of all your notification preferences and whether you have email and text enabled or disabled for each.	Downloaded Info
Pages You Admin	A list of pages you admin.	Downloaded Info
Pending Friend Requests	Pending sent and received friend requests.	Downloaded Info
Phone Numbers	Mobile phone numbers you’ve added to your account, including verified mobile numbers you've added for security purposes.	Downloaded Info
Photos	Photos you’ve uploaded to your account.	Downloaded Info
Photos Metadata	Any metadata that is transmitted with your uploaded photos.	Downloaded Info
Physical Tokens	Badges you’ve added to your account.	Downloaded Info
Pokes	A list of who’s poked you and who you’ve poked. Poke content from our mobile poke app is not included because it's only available for a brief period of time. After the recipient has viewed the content it's permanently deleted from our systems.	Downloaded Info
Political Views	Any information you added to Political Views in the About section of timeline.	Downloaded Info
Posts by You	Anything you posted to your own timeline, like photos, videos and status updates.	Activity Log
Posts by Others	Anything posted to your timeline by someone else, like wall posts or links shared on your timeline by friends.	Activity Log Downloaded Info
Posts to Others	Anything you posted to someone else’s timeline, like photos, videos and status updates.	Activity Log
Privacy Settings	Your current privacy settings (former settings are not saved).	Privacy Settings
Recent Activities	Actions you’ve taken and interactions you’ve recently had.	Activity Log Downloaded Info
Registration Date	The date you joined Facebook.	Activity Log Downloaded Info
Religious Views	The current information you added to Religious Views in the About section of your timeline.	Downloaded Info
Removed Friends	People you’ve removed as friends.	Activity Log Downloaded Info
Screen Names	The screen names you’ve added to your account, and the service they’re associated with. You can also see if they’re hidden or visible on your account.	Downloaded Info
Searches	Searches you’ve made on Facebook.	Activity Log
Shares	Content (ex: a news article) you've shared with others on Facebook using the Share button or link.	Activity Log
Spoken Languages	The languages you added to Spoken Languages in the About section of your timeline.	Downloaded Info
Status Updates	Any status updates you’ve posted.	Activity Log Downloaded Info
Work	Any current information you’ve added to Work in the About section of your timeline.	Downloaded Info
Vanity URL	Your Facebook URL (ex: username or vanity for your account).	Visible in your timeline URL
Videos	Videos you’ve posted to your timeline.	Activity Log Downloaded Info

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REDUCE YOUR IMAGE SIZE

Last month I was applying for a competitive exam in that they have asked for
a passport size photograph upto 50kb.
I scanned my photograph and it was coming nearly about 200kb i was worried  as it was last date of form submission.
At that time I searched and found online image size reduction sites

                                                       

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• ReduceImages.com:In this site you can reduce JPG, BMP, GIF and PNG images online, selecting the size and quality of the new image. This way you will get lighter images, easier to upload to websites, send by e-mail and share with friends.For visiting site click here

• PicReSize: Easily crop, resize, and edit your images online for FREE at PicResize.For visiting site click here

• ShrinkPictures:Original image can be jpg, gif or png. All resized images are automatically converted to jpg.For visiting site click here

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